Urban Alienation

How have three of the texts you have studied provided insight into the individual's relationships to the urban landscape? The three texts; T. S Elite's The Preludes poem, Jennifer Strauss' Migrant Woman on a Melbourne Tram poem and the short story The Pedestrian by Ray Bradbury, provide an insight into each individual's relationship with the urban landscape through the underlying motif of urban alienation. The writers explore the alienating effect of city life as people are forced to suppress and hide their individual identity by conforming to societal expectations, as well as theIdea of examining the universal nature of human despair and Isolation through their depiction off soulless, disconnected and oppressive society. T. S Eliot shows the alienating and disconnection with the urban landscape which Is explored In The Preludes as people are forced to suppress and hide their Individual Identity by conforming to societal expectations wealth city life. Eliot who was a modernist poet, revolted against traditional literary forms and subjects. About the decay of modern salvation, he shared the Ideas of pessimism, disillusionment and futility.As a action to World War l, Eliot describes the metropolis as a place where people physically live, not emotionally live. Throughout the poem there is use of enjambment to render the contemporary disorder and lack of coherence of people's daily lives in the modern city. Alliteration is skillfully used creating emphasis on the imagery of gusty and grimy and the harshness of the rain being described as ;beat on broken blinds'. The city itself is a metaphor or reflection of people's daily lives and inner psyches as they become consumed within the landscape.The second prelude deals tit the personal pain that is so well hidden which is metaphorically presented through the idea of a ‘masquerade'. This pain is shown to be an effect and common lifestyle of this broken city which is shared ‘in a thousand furnished rooms'. In Preludes three and four look at false pretences. Eliot uses the repetition of the conjunction ‘and' to further emphasis the drabness of routine and the endless cycle of existence. There is a sense of prediction and pace through the times four and five and six o' clock' as if trapped in this mechanical routine.People are in the deceitful inform of ‘certain certainties' contained in monotonous activities like ‘fingers of stuffing pipes'. It ends with a sense of emptiness and a sense of searching. The Preludes addresses the need to break the â€Å"chains† or cycle of a personal fixation within the isolation as well as frustration of city life in order to create a stronger relationship with the urban environment. Similarly, â€Å"The Pedestrian† explores alienating effects of city life as people are forced to suppress and hide their Individual Identity by conforming to societal expectations, where the Individual lacks feeling of longing and connectivity. The Pedestrian† Is set AD 2053 In the dyspepsia future. Leonard Mean is the individual whoso Is at odds with his society as he who recognizes the world as soulless and. HIS world has no delve order and Is a futile, anarchic place – where the protagonists name Is also very average and ordinary. There Is a recurring motif of the dead. People are metaphorically described as deadened and zombie-Like or associated with the negative connotation of ;grey phantoms' living In a monotonous and emotionless world.People are trapped and locked inside tomb-like monotony attached with urban living as Leonard goes about his routine he says What's up tonight on Channel 4, Channel 7 and Channel 9? Due to advances in technology, the city dwellers' ability to think for themselves is lost as they become brainwashed and confined to their living rooms watching television, into a dehumidified state. The onomatopoeia and emotive terms Whispering†¦ Murmurs' are both associated with spying or secrets. This suggests Leonard is not conforming to the laws of his society.The harshness and sterility of the robot's ‘metallic' voice idiotically repeats the questions directed to Leonard, asking Walking where? For what? As well the inability to understand his ‘profession' shows an emotionless and artificial world taken over by ever developing technology. This is Juxtaposed between Lemonade's warmth and humor where he replies with a smile ‘nobody wanted me'. Similarly with T. S Elite's The Preludes, in The Pedestrian there are feelings of isolation and being misunderstood by the changing urban society where the world is isolating in cultural and individual identity through the suppressive and conformity.Following the concept of the individual being psychologically â€Å"chained†, the Migrant Woman on a Melbourne Tram reflects Jennifer Strauss' relationship with the urban landscape examined through the portrayal of an illegal alien, where she experiences displacement and anonymity in a foreign urban metropolis. The migrant woman is portrayed as one who ‘hunches' while being described as ‘sweltering with twists in sweating hands'. Further embodying a sense of discomfort is through the rash alliteration of ‘s'.We see the woman as being caught between two cultures; she becomes consumed by the city and forlorn in foreign words and voices'. The effective use of alliteration has a solemn tone which evokes a sense of hopelessness as they ‘echo'. Furthermore; there is a sense of desperation to understand situation. The migrant woman has to break through the language barrier to overcome a loss and lack of cultural identity. There is a threatening and uneasy tone established through the repetition of ‘Impossibly black†¦ Luminosity obscure†¦ Luminosity dark†¦ Possibly departed'. This accumulates and creates an unsettled atmosphere while reflecting the individual's confusion and isolation. This also relates to the women's attire, standing out while being Juxtaposed with the sexualities nature of the ‘impudence of summer thighs/long arms and painted toenails'. This synecdoche may act as a mean to create emphasis on the two contrasting cultures and expose the reader through the notion of the feelings of displacement and complete alienation, which is what the migrant woman would be experiencing.Strauss makes an allusion to Greek hydrology through her reference to the story of Theses and the Minotaur. The migrant woman's almost ‘daunting' and foreboding' feat of making her navigation through an unknown culture alludes to Theses being sent and fed to the Minotaur. The migrant woman is ‘sacrificing herself to this newfound culture and leaving behind her past. The ‘blind beast' may perhaps also signify the industrialized and modern-aged city, ‘devouring or consuming the newly arrived immigrants which correlates with the metaphor of ‘eating up men'. The Preludes and The Pedestrian respond to the ideas shown in the Migrant Woman on a Melbourne Tram in providing an insight to Jennifer Strauss' soulless, disconnected and oppressive relationship with the urban landscape. In the three texts, the readers are provided underlying motif of urban alienation. The ideas explored are when people are forced to suppress and hide their individual identity by conforming to societal expectations, as well as the idea of examining the universal nature of human despair and isolation through their depiction of a soulless, disconnected and oppressive society.

First Week of College

Brad Campagna Kathy O'Rourke College has so far exceeded my expectations in a huge way. As a new member of the ice hockey team there were many uncertainties and worries, as well as tons of excitements and anticipations. Obviously the biggest part, school, was nerve wracking and exciting too. In college hockey its very common that players take a few years off of school prior to attending, to play hockey in junior hockey leagues. This created a bit more nerves then excitement for the classroom aspect of school since i've only taken 3 college courses since graduating high school, making it a bit harder to get back into the swing of things.Besides getting back into school routine, being a hockey player in college has made the beginning of school an unbelievable experience for me. On move-in day while still in the process of getting everything together, my roommate and I met the first player on our team. Since my roommate is also on my team it was a huge relief to meet someone before our parents even left. Since then it's been smooth sailing and have made number of friends on the team, many which I already know ill be very good friends with in the future. This was probably the biggest relief for me so far because I had no idea what to expect.I kept worrying about how the kids, especially the new recruits, would be and literally every one is an awesome person. I didn't realize how much being on a sports team would help me make friends this fast, which I am extremely grateful for. We've all had so much fun already and we are just one week into school. On top of all of that, we are all at least 20 years old and up as freshman. I think this gives us a big advantage of transition for things like college because we are all at least two years more mature then we would have if we had gone right from high school.Now that is not to toot my or any of my friends horns, but I do feel as if the maturity level is definitely higher then it would have been by the overall way we carr y and present ourselves as opposed to being 17 or 18. If the year is going to continue on like this, I can only imagine how much fun it's going to be. This is also all going without mentioning the hockey part. Hockey hasn't even started yet which excites me that much more. I think and hope we have a very good team that can do very well throughout the season. Now obviously college isn't all fun and games.The school aspect of college hasn't really sunk in yet since were not very far into the semester. It definitely concerns me somewhat, but I think I will end up doing well. I naturally have a good work ethic through hockey, so I plan on using that into the classroom. Sure it will be harder sometimes because of practices and games and whatnot, but thats what my teammates and the rest of the accommodations that Potsdam supplies for us are for. It's a good start for me professor wise, since pretty much all of them seem to be very good at what they do.The only thing that has gotten me a l ittle annoyed and anxious about is all the reading. Reading takes up a lot of time and that what most of college is. My time management needs to be very efficient if I'm going to do well this year. I hope my next four years here will just keep getting better and better as I meet new people and explore new things. There is still so much I haven't done yet and so many experiences I have to look forward too as long as my school works stays up to par.When my career at Potsdam is over I hope I will have accomplished my goal of excelling in every way whether its school, hockey, friends, community status and more. Obviously I plan on having my degree whether I continue with my Business major or change to something else. I hope and expect to have good grades throughout the whole experience not just getting by. I also expect to do very well in hockey and hope to make an immediate impact on the team and carry it out through the whole four years here.I also hope to have my friends that I've al ready made be my best friends and friends for the rest of my life. Finally by the time I leave Potsdam I hope to have had a big impact on the overall community. The hockey team stresses a high importance of being active in the community and having a positive attitude in every place in every situation. So far there's been much positivity here and I will be contributing to that as much as possible. If my whole time at Potsdam is going to be how this first week has been, then I anticipate having an extremely good experience here.

Data protection Act 1998 Essay

The Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA) is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament which defines UK law on the processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the protection of personal data in the UK. Although the Act itself does not mention privacy, it was enacted to bring UK law into line with the EU data protection directive of 1995 which required Member States to protect people’s fundamental rights and freedoms and in particular their right to privacy with respect to the processing of personal data. In practice it provides a way for individuals to control information about themselves. Most of the Act does not apply to domestic use, for example keeping a personal address book. Anyone holding personal data for other purposes is legally obliged to comply with this Act, subject to some exemptions. The Act defines eight data protection principles. It also requires companies and individuals to keep personal information to themselves. The 22 August 1998 Act replaced and consolidated earlier legislation such as the Data Protection Act 1984 and the Access to Personal Files Act 1987. At the same time it aimed to implement the European Data Protection Directive. In some aspects, notably electronic communication and marketing, it has been refined by subsequent legislation for legal reasons. The Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 altered the consent requirement for most electronic marketing to â€Å"positive consent† such as an opt in box. Exemptions remain for the marketing of â€Å"similar products and services† to existing cu stomers and enquirers, which can still be permissioned on an opt out basis. The Act’s definition of â€Å"personal data† covers any data that can be used to identify a living individual. Anonymised or aggregated data is not regulated by the Act, providing the anonymisation or aggregation has not been done in a reversible way. Individuals can be identified by various means including their name and address, telephone number or Email address. The Act applies only to data which is held, or intended to be held, on computers (‘equipment operating automatically in response to instructions given for that purpose’), or held in a ‘relevant filing system’. [3] In some cases even a paper address book can be classified as a ‘relevant filing system’, for example diaries used to support commercial activities such as a salesperson’s diary. The Freedom of Information Act 2000 modified the act for public bodies and authorities, and the Durant case modified the interpretation of the act by providing case law and precedent.[4] The Data Protection Act creates rights for those who have their data stored, and responsibilities for those who store, process or transmit such data. The person who has their data processed has the right to: [5] View the data an organisation holds on them. A ‘subject access request’ can be obtained for a nominal fee. As of January 2014, the maximum fee is  £2 for requests to credit reference agencies,  £50 for health and educational request, and  £10 per individual otherwise, [6] Request that incorrect information be corrected. If the company ignores the request, a court can order the data to be corrected or destroyed, and in some cases compensation can be awarded. Require that data is not used in any way that may potentially cause damage or distress. Require that their data is not used for direct marketing.

Monopolistic Competition Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Monopolistic Competition - Term Paper Example The paper also explains the fact that given the transition from a monopolistically competitive firm to a monopoly, what will be the changes with regard to prices and output in both of these market structures. And finally the paper explains given the transition from a monopolistically competitive firm to a monopoly, what will be the changes with regard to prices and output in both of these market structures. Benefits to the stakeholders: The price, output level, and the quality of the monopolistic competitor are resolved through â€Å"maximizing the difference between its revenue and its cost, where cost is measured exclusive of the rent on its product-specialized inputs† (Carson, 2006, p. 433). Such a business organization must have definite inputs that are specific to its definite product—as product differentiation is or else compatible with the perfectly competitive market—and the exclusivity of these inputs permits those producers to gain positive rent, yet in the long-term equilibrium. The addition of rent in the cost provides increment to the â€Å"traditional Chamberlinian solution†, where (â€Å"rent inclusive†) average cost lays tangent to the level of demand and thus downward-sloping. However, if rent is not included, average cost can be constant or even it can be upward-sloping at the equilibrium, and also, monopolistic competition does not necessarily induce ‘excess capacity or to production facilities that are too small’ (Carson, 2006, p. 433). In this context, the company, called ‘Wonks’ will not produce the monopolistically competitive level of output which is largely based on the competitive market conditions. The firm will produce the level of output which is lower than the perfectly competitive amount of output; however, it will produce an output even lower than the monopolistically competitive level of output. Hence, the amount of price charged by the firm for potato chips will be mu ch higher than the two competitive market structures. Hence, the amount of profits will be the highest in case of the production and sale of potato chips. Hence, this would benefits some of the stakeholders associated with the business organizations; however, this outcome will worsen the optimal level of benefit of some other stakeholders. The government of the country would benefit in the sense that the increased level of profit of the business organization will increase the amount of corporate profit tax earned by the business organization. Hence, the government would benefit in terms of the greater revenue earned. However, the government would loose in respect to the fact that some people, who are unable to purchase the product at higher prices, would either reduce their volume of purchase of the product, or stop purchasing the product (Boone and Kurtz, 2011, p. 98). The other business organizations also face loss or profit from the monopolization of the potato chips company. In the situation, where the original company has significant level of reputation as the economic agent of selling most popular potato chips, the market share of the new company would like to be very high. In this situation, the other business organization would suffer in terms of reduced market share which will reduce the amount of pro

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT -REFLECTIVE Essay

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT -REFLECTIVE ANALYTICAL ACADEMIC LEVEL 6 - Essay Example In this regard, I have organized social and business systems effectively to achieve set goals and objectives in particular organizations (Marquis & Huston 2009, 23). This paper describes my personal reflection about the development process that I undertook towards my leadership and management during my work placement time in the medical field, where I worked in the surgical ward, helping patients in various ways. Over the months, I have appreciated the fact that leadership is not necessarily a positional affair. Personal leadership has to be understood and adopted by people in order to enable them manage their lives effectively. Often, people always want to associate with those that understand themselves and take steps to improve their lives in the right way. In order to be a successful leader, I have polished my qualities and skills in people management, besides knowing how to manage their lives. I undertook the work placement exercise at the time I was in third year in my undergraduate nursing course. During this time, I was in charge of a team that ensured that we discharged our duties effectively towards achievement our departmental targets. In most cases, the reflective process is taken to describe the action of reflecting on certain actions in a process that often leads to persistent learning (Wolfensberger, 2010, 715). In this definition, the actions in the reflective practice involve giving focus to practical values as well as various theories that inform daily actions. This is through the process of doing the reflection in a reflexive process, thus leading to development of proper insight (Copley 2011, 17). In making this analysis, the main objective in the learning plan was to demonstrate an effective understanding of delegation in leadership and management. During my placement time, being a team leader meant that have to direct a team and give instructions about how certain tasks were to be

Povert delibrating impacts on U.S urban communitiesa Essay

Povert delibrating impacts on U.S urban communitiesa - Essay Example For example, The World Bank sets poverty consumption levels as an individual living on less the $2.00 a day, this is a world total. In the U.S., the poverty level is listed in the table below provided by the Federal Register: Even though the U.S has a strong economy in comparison to other countries that does not mean much, as a significant percentage of the population is struggling to survive. The United States has the largest national economy in the world, with a GDP for 2005 of 12.41 trillion dollars. In this mixed economy, corporations and other private firms make the vast majority of microeconomic decisions, and governments prefer to take a minimal role in the domestic economy. Because of this, the U.S. has a small social safety net, and business firms in the U.S. face considerably less regulation than those in many other nations (Facts About the United States, Worldfacts). On the global level, poverty has been estimated that in  2001, 1.1 billion people had consumption levels below $1 a day and 2.7 billion lived on less than $2 a day (Economics of Social Issues, 2006, page, 3). At the same time, the Census Bureau released its latest estimate of the fraction of Americans living below the poverty li ne. It was higher in 2001 (11.7 percent) than in 1973 (11.1 percent). The official measure indicates that a greater portion of families and children live in poverty in America today than three decades ago. Poverty alleviation dominates the global agenda in the 21st century, as is featured in the Millenium Development Goals of the United Nation. The effect of poverty on the society varies across the urban and rural areas as it does across countries. It is estimated that, with urbanization, nearly 40 percent of the world’s population live in cities and by 2020, the growth in urban population will be faster in low-income countries than in high-income ones, leading to an even higher incidence of urban poor

Industrial Economics, Industrial Organization How can game theory help Essay

Industrial Economics, Industrial Organization How can game theory help us to understand firm's interactions Discuss the differe - Essay Example A game theory is composed of a series of elements including: players or partners, rules which imply the possible decisions that one is capable of making given another party’s decisions, and the facts that a player could have knowledge of before moving or making a decision. Other elements include the consequences or outcomes of certain moves and the payoffs of each possible outcome. Payoffs imply the money got from a given decision (Durlauf, 2010). Game theories In arriving at the solutions given the game theories, it is important that industries understand certain tools. These tools include dominated and dominant strategies and the Nash equilibrium. A dominant strategy is a tactic that gives higher payoffs no matter what the opponent does, while a dominated strategy is an approach that is lower than another strategy; this implies that for a dominated strategy, there is a dominant strategy that is in existence over it. On the other hand, in Nash equilibrium, no industry or indi vidual is in preference of a different choice. This means that each player chooses the best strategy given the approaches taken by the other players in the market (Durlauf, 2010). In an effort to understanding how firms and industries react, it is vital that the different types of game theories are understood. Firms’ interactions are mainly guided by certain game theories. There is a myriad of game theories. Simultaneous game is one of the game theories. As the name suggests, the players in the market make decisions independent of the other player’s decisions. This means that no party is aware of the other party’s choices or decisions. This kind of scenario forms what is known as a Cournot model. In such a case, each firm or industry tries to make a forecast of what the other player in the market will be so as to arrive at a reasonable decision itself (Durlauf, 2010). In Cournot models, firms predicts the other industry’s output choice and then based on t he forecasts, each firm goes ahead to choosing a profit maximizing output for itself. In cournot, prices as at Nash equilibrium are above the perfect competitive prices. In this case it is clear that the Cournot game model influence the market price as firms try to control their levels of production. Thus, through Cournot model, it is possible for firms to come up with best reaction functions in their production in cases where the industries have completely no clue on what the other players in the market are up to achieving (Mukherjee, 2004). Sequential game is another game theory whereby an industry or firm makes a decision on price or quantity, when it already has knowledge on what another player or partner has decided on. The kind of strategic interaction depicted in such a scenario gives rise to a Stackleberg’s model. In this model, one industry makes a choice before another. It is frequently used to depict industries in which there is a dominant firm. In the Stacklebergà ¢â‚¬â„¢s model, an industry that is a leader chooses output to maximize profits depending on how a follower will react to its choice. Given the choices by a leader, a follower will try as much as possible to make profits given the quantity the leader produces. A leader makes decisions on its own production considering the